Author(s): L. Makkonen; J. Tornqvist; J. Kuutti

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Abstract: Cooling and warming of lake ice induces thermal cracking. On lakes with large open areas the cracking induced shock waves in the ice may involve a lot of energy and eventually advance to the shore. We demonstrate that with certain type of shoreline, geomorphology and soil properties these shock waves proceed in the soil to the extent that they cause vibrations of high-raised buildings near shore. Measurements of vibrations assumed to be initiated this way were made in buildings in the IAHR-Ice Symposium host town Lahti. It is shown here that the occurrence of the measured vibrations can be correlated with rapid cooling and warming periods when snow-free ice exists on lake Vesij"arvi. A simple statistical model is presented for prediction of the vibration risk by meteorological data, and the frequency of the problem is analyzed by this model. A finite-element model of the initiation and progress of the ice-induced vibrations is also made and used to demonstrate the phenomenon. An experimental method to determine the location of the cracking is demonstrated.

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Year: 2010