Author(s): Esko Kuusisto
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Abstract: Very long records of freezing and breakup dates are available from several lakes and rivers in Northern Hemisphere. For example in Finland, the breakup of River Tornio has been observed since the spring of 1693, while both freezing and breakup dates of Lake Kallavesi are available since the winter of 1833–34. The exceptionally late “summer breakup” of 1867 in the Finnish Lake District is also rather well documented. Can these long records be used to judge, if climate change and climate variability are friends or rivals? All long ice records from Finland reveal significant long-term trends towards later freezing, earlier breakup and shorter durations of ice cover. In addition to these trends over centuries, however, very significant opposite trends over 30–80 years can be found in all records. Recent trends over last decades are in most series not significant in either direction.
Year: 2002