Author(s): Andreas Malcherek
Linked Author(s): Andreas Malcherek
Keywords: Torricelli principle, Bernoulli equation, outflow problem, sluice formulas weir formulas, fundamental principles of hydraulics.
Abstract:
Most of the fundamental theories for the basic hydraulic structures use the continuity and Bernoulli equation to derive basic laws for the relation between flow and hydraulic head. When the results of such a theory do not agree well with measurements, an outflow coefficient is inserted to close the gap between theory and experiment. The momentum balance is only taken into account when losses have to be specified like in the sudden expansion case. In this paper, it will be shown that the hydraulic theory can also be based on momentum balance instead of Bernoulli’s equation. The resulting formulas for the outflow through a sharpedged orifice and through a sharp-edged sluice show a much better agreement to measurements than the formulas obtained from the Bernoulli equation. (2627, 63, 314)
Year: 2017