Author(s): Maria Fernanda Hernandez Ignacio; Maritza Liliana Arganis Juarez; Javier Osnaya Romero Osnaya Romero; Sandra Lizbeth Rosales Silvestre; Eliseo Carrizosa Elizondo

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Keywords: Evaporation depth reducers; Reservoir; Plastic PET bottles; Genetic Algorithms

Abstract: Knowledge of materials and procedures that help reduce evaporation in reservoirs is considered extremely useful since it is known that this element of the hydrological cycle is important in the analysis of the operation of dams located in large rivers. An experiment was conducted to identify potential mechanisms for reducing evaporation in water-holding containers placed outdoors. For this, four samples were considered, one in which the container tank was left with the free surface uncovered to measure natural evaporation at the site; another container whose surface was covered by PET plastic bottles, with minor water disturbance numbering; an air inclusion mechanism with the help of a pump and plastic tube and a water mixing mechanism with the help of a submersible pump. The tests were carried out during the dry period in central Mexico. Non linear models. Non-linear models were obtained, with the help of genetic algorithms, to estimate evaporation as a function of measured climatological variables. After 125 days of measurements, it was obtained that covering the surface of the tank with the help of plastic PET bottles, helped to reduce natural evaporation by 58.44% in total days of measurements, followed by the recirculation of the water a reduction in the days of 42.85 % and finally with the air-inclusion mechanism a reduction the evaporation of 35.06% in total days was obtained, additionally the option of covering the water surface with PET bottles is a low cost procedure and only need some maneuvers of cleaning to avoid the proliferation of unwanted aquatic fauna. It is important to consider alternatives for covering materials such as high-density polystyrene spheres, which have lower impacts on water quality in the long term

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3850/IAHR-39WC2521711920221327

Year: 2022