Author(s): Cary Troy; John Newton; Sultan Ahmed

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Abstract: The seasonal variability of thermal structure of temperate lakes has a profound impact on the chemistry, biology, and ecology of lakes (e.g. Serra et al. 2007). Thermal stratification, when stable (Figure 1), can inhibit lake circulation and vertical mixing, leading to problems with hypoxia (Hawley et al. 2006), eutrophication (Schindler 2006) and harmful algal blooms (Hudnell and Dorch 2008). Unstable stratification, during periods of surface cooling, can have the opposite effect, leading to convective motions that accomplish vertical mixing at the expense of the lake potential energy (Fischer et al. 1978).

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Year: 2009