Author(s): H. Hayakawa; Y. Fukus Hima

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Abstract: Inclined plumes and inclined thermals are formed when the heavier fluid flows down into the ambient fluid of uniform density 1).In the case of inclined plumes, the dense fluid is steadily supplied from upstream end. Whereas in the case of inclined thermals, there is no continuous supply from upsteam end. Inclined plumes and thermals are divided into two types. One is the case when the density difference is caused by conservative materials such as the salinity or temperature difference. The other is the case that the flowing fluid is composed of a mixture of fluid and non-conservative materials such as turbidity or sediment. The former is called a conservative gravity current, while the latter a non-conservative gravity current. Both of the two form either plumes or thermals with clear fronts (Fig.1).

DOI:

Year: 1995