Author(s): Hubert Chanson
Linked Author(s): Hubert Chanson
Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: In open channels, the transition from a rapid to fluvial flow is called a hydraulic jump. It is characterised by the development of large-scale turbulence, surface waves and spray, energy dissipation and air entrainment. The air is entrained at the jump toe into a free shear layer, characterised by intensive turbulence production predominantly in vortices with axes perpendicular to the flow direction. Applications of hydraulic jumps include energy dissipation (e.g. stilling basin), air entraining device (e.g. in siphon), mixing device (e.g. for water treatment). The flow characteristics of a hydraulic jump are not only functions of the upstream Froude number but also of the inflow conditions. For a hydraulic jump in a horizontal rectangular channel, three types of inflow conditions are distinguished : a partially developed supercritical flow, a fully developed boundary layer flow and a pre-entrained jump.
Year: 1995