Author(s): Ryan Z. Blackmore; Edward P. Lozowski; Masoud Farzaneh
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Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: Atmospheric icing often occurs with the incorporation of unfrozen liquid into the ice. Accurate measurement of the proportions of ice and water is essential for verification of atmospheric icing models. It is also important for producing reliable data for new ice load designs that account for the additional effects of included liquid. A calorimeter has been developed for determining the liquid fraction of freshwater ice accretions, by melting a sample in warm water. The resulting temperature change is measured and is used in a heat balance equation to determine the proportions of ice and liquid in the sample. The calorimeter has been calibrated with a set of controlled experiments. The method has then been validated using an independent data set. The calorimeter is designed for samples in the 5 to 55 g range. Over this range of sample mass, the absolute uncertainty in ice fraction varies from ±0.033 for 5 g to ±0.0092 for 55 g. The calorimeter is inexpensive, easily fabricated, and accurate enough for most purposes.
Year: 2004