Author(s): Fumihiro Hara; Takaharu Kawai; Masakuni Hanada; Akifumi Nishihata; Hiroshi Saeki

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Abstract: In frozen rivers in cold regions, ice melts in the upper stream, the ice blocks float down to be stopped at the edge of an ice cover downstream, and they in turn go beneath the ice cover. It is often observed that this cycle causes the formation of ice jams, which are of concern because they cause floods, act as a great ice force against river structures, such as bridge piers, or produce local scouring of pier bases. Here we report the results of channel experiments on one of the forms of ice jam formation, the movement of ice blocks going underneath an ice cover. The experiment was made focusing on the movement of ice blocks at the edge of an ice cover, and on the influence of the form of cross section of the edge of the ice cover and the thickness of floating ice blocks on the movement of floating ice blocks. Since the stoppage of floating ice blocks going beneath the edge of an ice cover greatly depends on the friction coefficient between floating ice blocks and the ice cover, we measured the friction coefficient between actual ice blocks.

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Year: 1996