Author(s): Kailash C. Gulati
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Abstract: This paper presents the results of a laboratory study to determine the friction properties of freshly formed unconsolidated submerged ice rubble resting on a sand surface. The rubble was obtained by pushing a 25 mm thick ice sheet against a stationary smooth 4 m wide vertical plate simulating a vertical sided structure. A horizontal plate, lined with a 7 cm thick sand layer, was provided in front of the vertical plate to act as the foundation. The two plates were independently instrumented to measure forces during the rubble formation and friction tests. Based on the tests, ice rubble friction coefficient, defined as the ratio of the horizontal/friction force to the vertical/gravity force, was estimated in the range of 0.43 to 0.80.
Year: 1992