Author(s): J. H. Lever; S. F. Daly; J. H. Rand; D. Furey
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Abstract: Frazil ice formed in turbulent rivers causes a variety of problems ranging from blockage of water intakes to ice-jam related flooding. Unfortunately, no validated method exists to measure frazil ice concentration. To rectify this situation, we have built a portable calorimeter to measure frazil ice concentration in homogeneous, flowing ice/water mixtures. A pump draws a measured volume of mixture through a fine screen located in the center of the calorimeter chamber. The frazil collects on this screen and eventually blocks it. We then close the chamber and conduct a calorimetric measurement to determine the mass of ice deposited. The ice concentration in the original mixture is then the measured mass divided by the measured volume pumped through the chamber. With the ice melted, we open the chamber to renew the measurement cycle. Calibrations tests have revealed the calorimeter's measurement uncertainty to be about ±10%. This paper describes the instrument and presents results of both calibration and proof-of-concept laboratory tests.
Year: 1992