Author(s): W. Paul Zakrzewski; Edward P. Lozowski; Ryan Z. Blackmore; Robert Gagnon
Linked Author(s):
Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: Approaches to the prediction of ice growth rate on sea-going ships based on empirical relationships between meteorological and oceanographical parameters and the icing rate are discussed. Their usefulness is critically reviewed. Ship icing models based on heat balance equations of the icing surface are discussed in detail. The models of Borisenkov (1969) and Panov (1976) do not take into account spray flux to the ship’s surface, which is known to affect the rate of ice growth. The most sophisticated Soviet ship icing model (Kachurin et al., 1974) considers the rate of spray delivery. This model was calibrated with questionable field data, therefore it is not recommended for use. The Stallabrass (1980) model shows several advantages over the Kachurin et al. model but it still does not consider the effect of ship motion and object location on the icing rate. A ship icing model recently developed at the University of Alberta incorporates a quasi-empirical ship spraying model, also developed at the U of A, and takes into account air-sea and ship motion parameters along with ship geometry. This model predicts the instantaneous and time-averaged icing rates on the front face of the ship superstructure. After calibration with field data collected on Canadian ships, the U of A model has proven useful for ship icing forecasts. However, its performance may be improved by the incorporation of time-dependence, as it has for the oil rig icing model by Vefsnmo et al. (1987).
Year: 1988