Author(s): Ian J. Jordaan; Richard F. Mckenna
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Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: The damage process is a determining factor for the pressures that ice exerts during impact and rapid indentation. Rather than considering individual microcracks, the degradation of ice properties is best treated using continuum damage mechanics in which damage state variables account for the size and distribution of cracks. While damage of ice is a brittle process, compression tests show that there can be a significant dissipative component as damage progresses. It appears that friction across crack faces and extrusion of the pulverised material consume most of the energy during crushing events. A summary is given of existing damage models and their application to ice, a conceptual description is given of frictional processes and approaches for modelling the flow of crushed ice are presented.
Year: 1988