Author(s): T. J. O. Sanderson

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Abstract: The properties of ice are well understood in its continuum deformation modes, when only elastic and creep deformation occur. Its behaviour under fracture conditions is less well understood, although extensive studies have been made at small-scale. During indentation of ice with a bride structure at full-scale, satisfactory analyses are available while the ice is deforming by creep, since creep is a scale-independent phenomenon. Once fracture begins the treatments are not applicable since fracture processes are scale-dependent. Maximum load occurs when ice is at the point of transition between creep and fracture behaviour. It appears that the stress and strain-rate at which this transition occurs is scale-dependent and that small-scale indentation tests may be misleading. A small number of measurements at full-scale have been made. They indicate that ice around real structures in the Beaufort Sea has sustained stresses of 1-1.5 MPa before the transition to fracture behaviour occurs.

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Year: 1984