Author(s): Ilias G. Papakonstantis; George C. Christodoulou; Panos N. Papanicolaou

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Keywords: Concentration; desalination brine; dilution; inclined turbulent jet; negative buoyancy; turbulent intensity

Abstract: Experiments on concentration measurements in round turbulent negatively buoyant jets discharging into a calm homogeneous fluid at three different angles are presented. Detailed measurements using a micro-scale conductivity probe were carried out at the horizontal location of the terminal rise height, mostly along the vertical of the axial jet plane and in the transverse direction. The dimensionless vertical distribution of the mean concentration is found to be asymmetric, whereas the transverse distribution is approximately Gaussian. At the same horizontal location, the vertical distribution of the concentration turbulent intensity has a maximum at a point systematically higher than the jet axis. The width of the mean concentration distribution, the heights to the location of the maximum mean concentration and to the maximum turbulent intensity as well as the minimum dilution are determined. From measurements in the region where the jet returns to the source elevation, the minimum dilution and the horizontal distance to the return point are estimated.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2010.542617

Year: 2011