Author(s): Annette Semadeni-Davies; Jonathan Moores; Anna Altenberger
Linked Author(s):
Keywords: GIS; Planning; Stormwater management; Query library; Sediment; Zinc; Copper
Abstract: This paper presents the Catchment Contaminant Annual Loads Model (C-CALM) which has been developed as spatial decision support system. The model is intended to aid in the planning of stormwater treatment systems and has been developed to be easy to use with minimal set-up and run times and modest data requirements. Contaminants simulated are total suspended solids and dissolved and particulate zinc and copper. Water treatment options are ponds and wetlands, filtration, raingardens, swales and infiltration surfaces, street sweeping, catch pits and porous paving. Rather than explicitly modelling performance of treatment devices in a stormwater network, C-CALM queries a library of stormwater treatment efficiencies for the various treatment options on the basis of catchment characteristics and option type and design. A case study is presented for the Waiarohia Catchment in Waitakere City, Auckland, planned for green-fields development. C-CALM is used to estimate the change in contaminant loads that can be expected post-urbanisation and to suggest stormwater treatment strategies that could be used to reduce these loads to the local targets required for development (75%removal of total suspended sediments). The strategies evaluated combined end-of-pipe wetlands, reticulated networks with proprietary devices and site control using sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS).
Year: 2010