Author(s): Steven F. Daly; Mark A. Hopkins
Linked Author(s): Steven F. Daly
Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: A three-dimensional discrete element ice model has been coupled with a one-dimensional unsteady channel flow model and used to simulate ice jam formation at an ice control stl1lcture. The ice control structure consisted of three cylindrical piers placed across a straight, rectangular channel. The discrete element model is capable of modeling the behavior of several thousand, three-dimensional diskshaped floes by resolving the inter-floe contact forces, fluid drag force, gravitational force, and buoyancy force acting on each floe. The unsteady flow model is capable of modeling open water flow, flow under an ice jam, and high Reynolds number seepage flow through an ice jam. Two types of ice jams were simulated. The first began with a single layer of floes, evenly distributed on the water surface, moving downstream in a steady, uniform flow. The second began with the release of an upstream impoundment of floes carried downstream by the resulting surge of water. During each simulation the river stage, discharge, forces, and ice jam profiles were calculated at uniformly spaced cross-sections and time intervals.
Year: 1998