Author(s): Ian Jordaan; Mark Fuglem; Dmitri Matskevitch
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Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: The various kinds of pressure-area relationships found in studying ice-structure interaction in the literature are reviewed. These include, fIrst, subareas within a global area, and second, the development of the global area itself. Probabilistic analyses of subareas have led to probability-based relationships that represent, in effect, the expected v~ue of pressure under defIned circumstances. These can be used in design of local areas such as plates spanning between frames. It is important also to develop relationships for the calculation of global forces. The use of pressure-area relationships in the analysis of global average pressure is discussed. It is shown that there is considerable variation in these relationships as well. An analysis is conducted on the results of ships ramming multiyear ice floes. The use of pressurearea curves using a power-law relationship is explored. This is discussed in relation to knowledge of ice mechanics and in particular the existence of numerous high-pressure (critical) zones. It is shown that the results can be explained on the basis of a probabilistic relationship for the pressure-area curve. This is achieved by making the parameters c and d random, in the relationship for average pressure p = cad, where a = area. A comparison of measured results of forces in ship rams with calculated values is given and from these relationships for probability distributions of c and d are proposed. Implications for global force analysis are discussed.
Year: 1996