Author(s): Leif Lia
Linked Author(s): Leif Lia
Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: This paper describes a common design of spillways and diversion tunnels, operating with cold air blowing through the system wintertime. Ice in shafts and tunnels is observed, and has some times blocked the system. The paper describes the heat exchange between rock, water and ice, and also how the ice problems occur. A heat transfer model for calculating temperanIres and ice production is presented.
Year: 1996